{"id":3267,"date":"2025-06-25T08:26:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T06:26:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/ressources\/non-violence-active\/"},"modified":"2025-06-25T08:26:35","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T06:26:35","slug":"non-violence-active","status":"publish","type":"ressource","link":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/non-violence-active\/","title":{"rendered":"Non violence active"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Les m\u00e9thodes de non-violence active<\/h2>\n

Une liste de 198 m\u00e9thodes de non-violence active avait \u00e9t\u00e9 dress\u00e9e en 1973 par Gene Sharp, membre du Comit\u00e9 de l’Institut Alfred Einstein, dans son livre The Politics of Non-violent action.<\/p>\n

La liste ci-dessous comprend une 40e de types d’action, regroup\u00e9s en 8 cat\u00e9gories, allant du plus coop\u00e9ratif au plus obstructif, pour finir avec les plus destructeurs contre soi.<\/p>\n

Ces m\u00e9thodes s’utilisent notamment pour informer, sensibiliser, se faire entendre, d\u00e9fendre, d\u00e9noncer, r\u00e9sister, d\u00e9bloquer de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 obtenir gain de cause.<\/p>\n

Elles servent dans des cas de non-prises en compte, d’injustices, de discriminations, d’inad\u00e9quations, et y compris dans des situations de violences.<\/p>\n

Moyens d’expression non-violents<\/b><\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n

    le dialogue, la participation \u00e0 des consultations, l’organisation de consultations<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    les interactions fond\u00e9es sur les techniques de communication non-violente<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    les lettres publiques, articles, \u00e9crits dans la presse et sur le web,…<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    les pamphlets, publicit\u00e9s, banni\u00e8res, badges, autocollants,…<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    les conf\u00e9rences, d\u00e9bats, prises de parole, interviews,…<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    les cours, les formations<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    le lobbying, les p\u00e9titions, les votes ou refus de vote<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    le th\u00e9\u00e2tre, le cin\u00e9ma, les chansons, la musique, la litt\u00e9rature, la po\u00e9sie, les photos,…<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Moyens de contournements non-violents<\/b><\/h3>\n
      \n
    • \n

      les propositions alternatives<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      la cr\u00e9ation de structures alternatives, de transports alternatifs,…<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      la cr\u00e9ation de forums alternatifs, la participation \u00e0 ces forums, leur financement, le financement des transports et logements des participants<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      l’humour, l’attribution de prix moqueurs<\/em> (mock awards).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Moyens d’action<\/b> non-violents<\/b><\/h3>\n
        \n
      • \n

        les marches, les murs humains, les cha\u00eenes humaines<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        les protestations et manifestations<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        les gr\u00e8ves<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        les boycotts<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        les refus de payer<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        la mutinerie non-violente<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        les gr\u00e8ves du sexe
        \n\t    (Refus collectifs des \u00e9pouses pour emp\u00eacher une guerre)
        \n\t    (Cf. Lysistrata, la pi\u00e8ce d’Aristophane (-412 de notre \u00e8re).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Moyens commerciaux non-violents<\/b><\/h3>\n
          \n
        • \n

          les boycotts de produits, de marques<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          les d\u00e9sinvestissements<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          le dumping.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Moyens politiques non-violents<\/b><\/h3>\n
            \n
          • \n

            l’objection de conscience, le refus du service militaire, la d\u00e9sertion, le choix du service civil s’il existe.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            la renonciation du passeport en cas d’une deuxi\u00e8me nationalit\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            l’\u00e9migration (voting with the feet)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            les blocages diplomatiques, les annulations de rencontres diplomatiques<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            les gouvernements parall\u00e8les<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            la r\u00e9v\u00e9lation des noms des agents, espions.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Moyens financiers non-violents<\/b><\/h3>\n
              \n
            • \n

              le financement d’actions non-violentes<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              le financement d’organismes qui les mettent en oeuvre<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              le financement de partis ou d’organisations d’opposition.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Moyens d’intervention non-violents, mais obstructifs<\/b><\/h3>\n
                \n
              • \n

                les ralentissements<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                l’occupation des lieux, des terres, les gr\u00e8ves sur le tas (sit-ins)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                les obstructions de passage<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                les invasions de masse<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                la d\u00e9fiance des interdictions de rassemblement<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                la surcharge des syst\u00e8mes administratifs ou informatiques<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                la d\u00e9sob\u00e9issance civile<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                la r\u00e9sistance active.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Moyens non-violents contre les autres
                \nmais violents contre soi-m\u00eame<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n
                  \n
                • \n

                  les gr\u00e8ves de la faim<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

                • \n

                  les immolations publiques.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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