{"id":3391,"date":"2025-06-25T08:27:15","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T06:27:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/ressources\/competences\/"},"modified":"2025-06-25T08:27:19","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T06:27:19","slug":"competences","status":"publish","type":"ressource","link":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/","title":{"rendered":"Comp\u00e9tences"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n

L’UNESCO avait d\u00e9fini ce terme en 2008 comme suit:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ensemble de capacit\u00e9s \u00ab qu\u2019a un individu de mobiliser, de mani\u00e8re ind\u00e9pendante et efficace, ses connaissances, ses savoir-faire, ses attitudes, ses valeurs, etc. pour apporter des r\u00e9ponses ad\u00e9quates \u00e0 des enjeux de diff\u00e9rentes sortes. \u00bb (1)<\/p>\n

Elle \u00e9crivait d\u00e9j\u00e0 alors :<\/p>\n

\u00ab De par le monde, les curriculums ont aujourd\u2019hui manifestement tendance \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un juste \u00e9quilibre entre les connaissances, les savoir-faire, les valeurs et les attitudes dans les produits qu\u2019ils dispensent \u00e0 leurs \u00e9l\u00e8ves. Les curriculums traditionnels \u00e9taient fortement focalis\u00e9s sur la transmission d\u2019un savoir \u2013 en particulier sur la m\u00e9morisation et la r\u00e9tention de donn\u00e9es et de faits \u00ab pr\u00e9fabriqu\u00e9s \u00bb. Ce mod\u00e8le n\u2019a toutefois gu\u00e8re d\u2019utilit\u00e9 pour les \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u00e0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 les champs de notre savoir s\u2019\u00e9largissent rapidement et o\u00f9 les comp\u00e9tences intellectuelles d\u2019ordre inf\u00e9rieur (comme la m\u00e9morisation) doivent \u00eatre compl\u00e9t\u00e9es dans une mesure croissante par des comp\u00e9tences intellectuelles d\u2019ordre sup\u00e9rieur (comp\u00e9tences analytiques et esprit de synth\u00e8se, capacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes, \u00e9valuation) et par des comp\u00e9tences sociales, \u00e9motionnelles, relationnelles et autres en rapport avec la vie. \u00bb (2)<\/p>\n

\u00ab L\u2019accent plac\u00e9 depuis peu sur les comp\u00e9tences est r\u00e9v\u00e9lateur d\u2019une \u00e9volution dans la pens\u00e9e p\u00e9dagogique (…) vers une vision plus \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e, (alliant des) connaissances ‘pr\u00e9fabriqu\u00e9es’ m\u00e9moris\u00e9es, (et des) acquis r\u00e9sultant d\u2019un apprentissage associant des connaissances, des savoir-faire, des attitudes et des valeurs. \u00bb (3)<\/p>\n

\u00ab Les comp\u00e9tences peuvent s\u2019entendre, au sens large, comme l\u2019articulation sui-generis de connaissances, de savoir-faire, de valeurs, d\u2019attitudes, de comportements, de routines et de sch\u00e9mas de pens\u00e9e qui peuvent \u00eatre mobilis\u00e9s efficacement et de mani\u00e8re autonome par des individus ou des groupes pour r\u00e9soudre des probl\u00e8mes, relever des d\u00e9fis et saisir des opportunit\u00e9s. Les comp\u00e9tences sont \u00e0 vrai dire d\u00e9montr\u00e9es dans l\u2019action, par la mani\u00e8re dont des individus ou des groupes s\u2019engagent dans toutes sortes d\u2019interactions \u2013 et c\u2019est l\u00e0 aussi une raison pour laquelle on les assimile \u00e0 des savoir-faire, car les comp\u00e9tences sont cens\u00e9es \u00eatre des preuves \u00ab op\u00e9rationnelles \u00bb et \u00ab visibles \u00bb de connaissances, de savoir-faire, d\u2019attitudes, etc. dans le contexte de diff\u00e9rentes situations (r\u00e9elles) de vie. \u00bb (4) (5)<\/p>\n

(1) UNESCO, Bureau International de l’Education (BIE) et Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), Pr\u00e9paration \u00e0 la vie et au travail: \u00e9tude comparative mettant l\u2019accent sur l\u2019enseignement de base (primaire et secondaire du premier cycle) dans les pays africains en d\u00e9veloppement, Dakmara Georgescu, Philip Stabback, Klaus Jahn, Elmehdi Ag-Muphtah et Philippe de Castro, 2008-9<\/p>\n

(2) id. p. 7
\n(3): id. p.25
\n(4) id. p. 20
\n(5) Approche bas\u00e9e sur les 4 piliers de l’\u00e9ducation d\u00e9finis dans \u00abLe Rapport \u00e0 l\u2019UNESCO pour la Commission Internationale de l\u2019Education pour le 21e si\u00e8cle\u00bb, intitul\u00e9 \u00abL\u2019Education, un tr\u00e9sor est cach\u00e9 dedans\u00bb, dirig\u00e9 par Jacques Delors, 1996.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Voir aussi Comp\u00e9tences de paix<\/a>, lesquelles incluent les comp\u00e9tences psychosociales<\/a>, les comp\u00e9tences interculturelles<\/a>, les comp\u00e9tences citoyennes<\/a>, ainsi que les comp\u00e9tences de r\u00e9flexion critique<\/a> et pacifico-critiques<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’UNESCO avait d\u00e9fini ce terme en 2008 comme suit: Ensemble de capacit\u00e9s \u00ab qu\u2019a un individu de mobiliser, de mani\u00e8re […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","tags":[],"ressources-theme":[],"category-ressources":[39],"class_list":["post-3391","ressource","type-ressource","status-publish","hentry","category-ressources-dictionnaire"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nComp\u00e9tences - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comp\u00e9tences - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L’UNESCO avait d\u00e9fini ce terme en 2008 comme suit: Ensemble de capacit\u00e9s \u00ab qu\u2019a un individu de mobiliser, de mani\u00e8re […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-25T06:27:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/\",\"name\":\"Comp\u00e9tences - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-25T06:27:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-25T06:27:19+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ressources\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Dictionary\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/category-ressources\/dictionary\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Comp\u00e9tences\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Academy Fondation Graines de Paix\",\"description\":\"Un site utilisant WordPress\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Comp\u00e9tences - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Comp\u00e9tences - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","og_description":"L’UNESCO avait d\u00e9fini ce terme en 2008 comme suit: Ensemble de capacit\u00e9s \u00ab qu\u2019a un individu de mobiliser, de mani\u00e8re […]","og_url":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/","og_site_name":"Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","article_modified_time":"2025-06-25T06:27:19+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/","url":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/","name":"Comp\u00e9tences - Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-06-25T06:27:15+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-25T06:27:19+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/competences\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ressources","item":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/ressources\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Dictionary","item":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/category-ressources\/dictionary\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Comp\u00e9tences"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/","name":"Academy Fondation Graines de Paix","description":"Un site utilisant WordPress","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ressource\/3391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ressource"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ressource"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ressource\/3391\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3391"},{"taxonomy":"ressources-theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ressources-theme?post=3391"},{"taxonomy":"category-ressources","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2025.devsector.ch\/academygrainesdepaix\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category-ressources?post=3391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}